BIOL 111-001 Student Name: ___________________

Dr. Brugam

Final Exam - Spring 97

This quiz has 50 questions. Each question is worth 2 points.

THERE IS NO ESSAY QUESTION. Be careful when filling out the

answer sheet. It may be arranged horizontally or vertically. Be

sure to fill out the course evaluation that is attached to the

back of this exam. Also, read the handout about Peck building

that is attached to the exam. Select the letter of the choice

that BEST answers the question:

1. Restriction enzymes

a. cut up DNA molecules.

b. activate eukaryote genes.

c. attach the proper amino acid to the proper tRNA

d. synthesize RNA.

e. attach DNA molecules together.

2. Roughly _____ of the energy at one trophic level is passed

on to the next higher level.

a. 1%

b. 10%

c. 50%

d. 90%

3. What kind of organism is likely to have the highest

accumulation of pesticides in its fat?

a. phytoplankton

b. a small phytoplankton-eating minnow

c. a large bass

d. a fish-eating bald eagle

e. all will have the same level

4. Why is DDT banned?

a. Because it is very toxic to humans

b. Because it caused thinning of bird's eggs

c. Because it reduced primary production

d. Because it causes acid rain

5. Which of the following predisposes a species to endangerment?

a. A broad diet

b. Fast reproductive rate

c. Survival in a broad range of habitats

d. A "narrow" ecological niche

6. There are energy cycles in the biosphere.

a. True

b. False

7. Which of the following is not a so-called "greenhouse" gas?

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Methane

c. Chloro-fluoro carbons (CFC's)

d. Oxygen

8. Why is the amount of carbon dioxide rising in the atmosphere?

a. The ocean is releasing carbon dioxide

b. The rate of limestone production has declined.

c. Fossil fuel burning by humans is increasing carbon dioxide

d. Large numbers of trees are being planted by humans

9. The golden lion tamarin has disappeared from nature. Why?

a. It has been hunted to extinction

b. The Brazilian coastal rainforest in which it lived has

been destroyed

c. It has been killed by pesticides

d. It's food, the Lychee nut, has gone extinct

10. What is the significance of Taum Sauk mountain in Missouri?

a. It is the only location in Missouri that is likely to be

affected by acid rain.

b. It has high limestone soils that protect it from acid

rain

c. It is the home of an endangered species of fish

d. It is a major source of carbon dioxide for global warming

11. What is the Suess effect?

a. An increase in radiocarbon (C-14) in the atmosphere due

to nuclear weaponry

b. A decrease in radiocarbon in the atmosphere due to

dilution from old carbon in burning fossil fuels

c. The loss of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from

destructruction of tropical rainforest

d. The increase in temperature due to carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere

12. What is the significance of Mauna Loa mountain in Hawaii to

the biosphere?

a. That is where the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide

was discovered

b. That is where an endangered species of crow lives

c. That is where Watson and Crick discovered DNA

d. That is where greenhouse warming will start

13. pH is:

a. The initials of a great biologist, Percival Humphries

b. A measure of H+ ion in solution

c. An important cell organelle

d. The bond between amino acids in a protein

14. What is the cause of acid rain?

a. The dissolution of carbon dioxide in rainwater

b. Burning of fossil fuels that contain sulfur

c. Acetic acid from bad beer in breweries

d. The cutting of tropical rainforest

15. The blue whale is an endangered species. Why?

a. Lack of habitat

b. Human disturbance of nest sites

c. Commercial hunting

d. Sport fishing

16. The passenger pigeon is extinct. Why?

a. Lack of habitat

b. Human disturbance of nest sites

c. Commercial hunting

d. Sport fishing

17. Bald eagles are much more numerous now in winter along the

Mississippi between Alton and Grafton than they were about 30

years ago. Why?

a. DDT has been banned allowing the population to recover

from poisoning

b. Eagle predators have been eliminated

c. The habitat of the river has been enhanced by humans

d. State protection of the bird has been very successful

18. What is the ultimate source of energy for all living things?

a. Wheaties

b. Water power

c. Food

d. the sun

e. The Force

19. What organisms would be found in the first trophic level in ecosystems?

a. Grass plants

b. Rabbits

c. Snakes

d. Hawks

20. What is the Eltonian pyramid and why does it exist?

a. The reduction of numbers of organisms as you go up a food

chain. It exists because energy is lost at each step in

the food chain.

b. It is the reduction in DDT contamination as you go up the

food chain. It exists because DDT is actively excluded

by organisms.

c. It is the loss of endangered species over time. Species

loss is accelerating as a result of human development of

the environment.

d. It is the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

over time. It is caused by planting trees

21. What is a metastasis?

a. A recombinant DNA organism

b. A kind of plasmid

c. A secondary tumor formed by migrating tumor cells

d. A particular chemotherapeutic agent

22. A major difference between normal and cancer cells is that

normal cells undergo carefully controlled cell divisions but

cancer cells divide in uncontrolled fashion.

a. True b. False

23. Mutagens cause cancer. How?

a. They are viruses that transmit cancer.

b. They thin the blood

c. They break DNA

d. They reduce hormone levels.

24. The substance from tumor cells that changes normal cells to

tumor cells is:

a. RNA

b. Protein

c. Lipid

e. DNA

25. Darwin's theory of evolution is based on several observations.

Which one of the following was not one of Darwin's observations?

a. Like begets like

b. The world was created at 9 A.M. Oct. 28, 4004 B.C.

c. Individuals in a population differ from one another

d. Some individuals are more successful in reproducing than

others

26. What is the definition of a species?

a. A species is a group of organisms of similar external

appearance

b. A species is a group of organisms which share similar

habits and environmental preferences

c. A species is a group of actually or potentially

interbreeding populations that are reproductively

isolated from all other kinds of organisms

d. Sorry, I don't know, I missed that lecture

27. Lamarck proposed a theory of evolution which was based on the

inheritance of acquired characteristics.

a. True b. False

28. Malthus was a forerunner of Darwin who claimed that:

a. Rates of reproduction are tightly controlled by the

environment

b. Rates of reproduction are high and normally outstrip food

supplies

c. Darwin was a heretic who would burn in Hell

29. New species can arise only when

a. Populations are genetically isolated

b. Populations are interbreeding

c. Selection is active

d. Oceans separate populations

30. What was the first ape-like human ancestor to walk upright?

a. Homo erectus

b. Ramapithecus

c. Gorilla gorilla

d. Australopithecus afarensis

31. The gene for human insulin is spliced into a plasmid. The

plasmid is inserted into a bacterium. The bacterium produced

insulin. Is it the same as the insulin you produce?

a. Yes b. No

32. Recently, the first mammal was cloned. What kind of mammal

was it? What kind of cell was used?

a. Goat, testis cell

b. Sheep, mammary gland cell

c. Cow, mammary gland cell

d. monkey, skin cell

33. Memdel crossed peas with wrinkled green peas with one with

smooth yellow peas. He then crossed the offspring of this

fertilization. He found that he got some wrinkled yellow peas.

Why?

a. Blending inheritance

b. Segregation of genes

c. Independent assortment of genes

d. Selection against all other forms

34. If the amino acid sequence of a protein is changed, what may

happen?

a. The protein will not be produeced

b. The protein will not function as it is supposed to

c. The protein will be over-produced

35. A codon is:

a. A gene

b. A protein

c. A sequence of three base pairs that codes for an amino

acid

d. A sequence of three base pairs that codes for mRNA

36. The DNA genetic code is the "universal language" of genetics

in all living things.

a. True b. False

37. A "change in the base sequence of the gene" is a definition

of:

a. Dominance

b. A test cross

c. A mutation

d. Sex-linked inheritance

38. Homologous chromosomes pair up during

a. Mitosis

b. both mitosis and meiosis

c. Neither meiosis nor mitosis

d. Meiosis

39. What is the funciton of sexual reproduction?

a. FUN!

b. To preven variability in offspring

c. To ensure the "survival of the fittest"

d. To encourage variability in offspring

40. What of your cells are haploid?

a. Skin cells

b. Blood cells

d. Stomach lining cells

e. Sex cells (either sperm or eggs)

41. Consider a pair of homologous chromosomes in a cell of your

body.

a. Both could come from your mother

b. One must come from your mother and one must come from

your father

c. Both could come from your father

42. Inherited characteristics are carried as units

called_______.

a. Enzymes

b. Chromosomes

c. Mitochondria

d. Genes

43. A cell containing 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. The

resulting daughter cells will contain ______ chromosomes.

a. 5

b. 10

c. 20

d. 40

44. Color blindness seems to be most frequent in males. Why?

a. It is a sex-linked trait

b. It is induced by male hormones

c. It is strongly selected against in women

d. It is a lethal mutation

45. You have a nucleic acid strand. It has the base sequence:

A-U-C-G-A

What kind of nucleic acid is it?

a. RNA

b. DNA

c. We don't know

46. There are only 20 amino acids which appear in the proteins of

all living things.

a. True b. False

47. A chemical bond in which electrons are completely exchanged

between atoms is called:

a. An ionic bond

b. A non-polar covalent bond

c. A polar covalent bond

d. A hydrogen bond

48.Amylase is an enzyme produced in saliva. It is:

a. An amino acid

b. A protein

c. A carbohydrate

d. A nucleic acid

49. Cellulose is a _______.

a. Protein

b. Disaccharide

c. Polysaccharide

d. Lipid

50. How old is the earth?

a. 6,000 years

b. 2 million years

c. 1 billion years

d. 4.5 billion years

e. 20 billion years

51. How many dots are in the lower left hand corner of this page?

1. One

2. Two

3. Three

4. Four