The essay part of the final will consist of an essay I shall choose on one of the following topics. Remember: you have no choice on the topic. Write only what is relevant to the topic.

1)Descartes, Leibniz, Berkeley and Hume on the existence of God.
2)Kant on the Transcendental Deduction and the Refutation of Idealism.
3)Spinoza, Hume and Kant on causality.
4)Descartes, Locke and Berkeley on the external world.
5) Hobbes and Locke on the state of nature and the liberty of subjects.