1.
If Jim is responsible for the accident, then he must pay. But
he is responsible only if Joe is not guilty. However, there's good
evidence that Joe is guilty if Mary was at the store at 5 am. So,
since Mary was not at the store at 5 am, Jim should not pay.
2.
The world is not eternal. If the world is eternal, then there
must have been an infinity of days before today. However, since it
is impossible actually to count an infinity of items, it's impossible to
traverse an infinity of days. Hence, if there were an infinity of days
before today, then today would not be here.
3.
At any moment, it is my consciousness that makes me myself. For,
imagine that my consciousness were to be transported in another body; it
still would be me, although with another body. Unfortunately, as far as
we know, my consciousness will go out of existence when my brain will stop
working. So, there's no afterlife.
4.
If the Sun were to be at the center of the solar system, then the Earth
would have to go around it and it would also have to revolve on itself
every 24 hours. But if the Earth did that, then clouds and birds
would be left behind. Also, stones dropped from high towers would
not fall at the feet of the towers because they would lag behind while
the towers move with the Earth. Moreover, the Bible tells us that Joshua
asked the Sun to stop its motion. Only a fool and an atheist would
believe that the Earth moves.
5.
The volume of solid A must be equal to that of solid B. If the
volume of A were smaller than that of B, then a circle of circumference
c would have an area equal to that of a pentagon of perimenter c.
But that's impossible. If the volume of A were greater than that
of B, then, the sum of the internal angles of a triangle would be less
than two right angles. But that's impossible. Hence, the volume of
A is neither smaller, nor greater than that of B. However, the volume
of A is smaller than, or greater than, or equal to that of B.