1.
[1If Jim is responsible for the accident, he must pay].
But [2he is responsible only if Joe is not guilty]. However,
[3there's good evidence that Joe is guilty if Mary was at the
store at 5 am]. So, since [4Mary was not at the store
at 5 am], [5Jim should not pay].
2.
[1The world is not eternal]. [2If the world
is eternal, then there must have been an infinity of days before today].
However, since [3it is impossible actually to count an infinity
of items], [4it's impossible to traverse an infinity of days].
Hence, [5if there were an infinity of days before today, then
today would not be here].
3.
[1At any moment, it is my consciousness that makes me myself].
For, [2imagine that my consciousness were to be transported
in another body; it still would be me, although with another body]. Unfortunately,
[3as far as we know, my consciousness will go out of existence
when my brain will stop working]. So, [4there's no afterlife].
4.
[1If the Sun were to be at the center of the solar system,
then the Earth would have to go around it and it would also have to revolve
on itself every 24 hours]. But [2if the Earth did that,
then clouds and birds would be left behind]. Also, [3stones
dropped from high towers would not fall at the feet of the towers] because
[4they would lag behind while the towers move with the Earth].
Moreover, [5the Bible tells us that Joshua asked the Sun to
stop its motion]. [6Only a fool and an atheist would believe
that the Earth moves].
5.
[1The volume of solid A must be equal to that of solid B].
[2If the volume of A were smaller than that of B, then a circle
of circumference c would have an area equal to that of a pentagon of perimenter
c]. But [3that's impossible]. [4If the
volume of A were greater than that of B, then, the sum of the internal
angles of a triangle would be less than two right angles]. But [5that's
impossible]. Hence, [6the volume of A is neither smaller, nor
greater than that of B]. However, [7the volume of A is
smaller than, or greater than, or equal to that of B].