Characteristic Features are those traits that help define a topic and differentiate it from others. This assessment technique is particularly useful for seeing whether students are separating items or ideas that are easily confused. By selecting especially critical differentiators, a professor can both highlight and assess the students' use of analysis to help them characterize central concepts.

Because this assessment technique asks students to fill in blanks with plus and minus signs, scanning the results is easy and rapid; it is suitable for use in large classes. Even simple tallies will reveal the extent to which students are paying more attention to some traits and less attention to others.

----T.A. Angelo and K. P. Cross, 1993. Classroom Assessment Techniques, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass., p. 164-7.




"Correct" answers to
matrix in right panel

1. -/+
2. +/-
3. -/+
4. +/-
5. +/+
6. +/-
7. +/-
8. -/-
9. -/-
10. +/+


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Characteristic Features

Sample Form: Characteristic Features

Listed in the left-hand column below are features used to characterize or distinguish different approaches to the use of information in the classroom. Please place plus (+) signs where the features generally characterize either Grades or Classroom Assessment. Place minus (-) signs where the features are not characteristic.

Characteristic FeatureGradesClassroom Assessment
1. More closely focused on improving learning and teaching rather than on recording results
2. Used primarily at the end of a course or project
3. Source material is usually collected anonymously
4. Mostly quantitative and suitable for statistical analysis
5. Directly mirrors student understanding of course material
6. Emphasizes judgmental process and summative evaluation
7. Results designed for official and external use
8. Use of standardized and externally validated instruments preferred
9. Requires training in research methods
10. Results useful to professors and students