West Nile Virus is a viral illness of birds that is carried by mosquitoes. It is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito. The mosquito becomes infected when it feeds on an infected bird. It can cause illness in humans, especially in the summer and early fall.
Approximately 80 % of people who are infected will not show any symptoms at all. Mild symptoms may present as fever, headache, body aches, nausea, vomiting and sometimes swollen lymph glands or a skin rash on the chest, stomach and back. In rare instances, the virus may cause encephalitis or viral meningitis. The severe symptoms can include high fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, disorientation, tremors, visual disturbances, and paralysis. People typically develop symptoms between 3-14 days after they are bitten by an infected mosquito.
The easiest and best way to avoid WNV is to prevent mosquito bites.
- When you are outdoors, use insect repellent containing an EPA-registered active ingredient on exposed skin. Follow label directions.
- Wear long sleeves and pants especially around dawn and dusk and spray your clothing.
- Get rid of places where stagnant water can serve as mosquito breeding places.
- Use mosquito netting if camping.
- Make sure screens on doors and windows are in good condition and repair if necessary.
Treatment for mild WNV symptoms is generally nonspecific, such as medications (acetaminophen or ibuprofen) for the fever, headache, and body aches. If severe symptoms present, the person must go to the Emergency Department at the nearest hospital.
If you find a dead bird, don’t handle it with your bare hands. Contact your local health department for instructions.
CONTACT HEALTH SERVICE OR YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR FOR FURTHER INFORMATION OR CONCERNS.