Title: WINDMILLS THEN AND NOW
Type
of teaching unit: LESSON PLAN
Grade Level(s): 9 -12
Time frame: 2 days
Subject matter: Physics/Physical Science
Teacher information:
AAM affiliation: Southern Illinois University Edwardsville
cparker@ecusd7.org
Lesson plan description and Rationale:
Students will compare windmills of the 18th and 19th century to those in use today paying special attention to the evolving uses of wind power and development of the technology. Students need to appreciate the application of technology in a historical context and understand the physical laws that have guided the development of wind power
State Standard/s:
11.B. Know and apply the concepts, principles and processes of technological design.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions, considering such constraints as available tools, materials, time and costs.
11.B.5c Build and test different models or simulations of the design solution using suitable materials, tools and technology.
12.D. Know and apply concepts that describe force and motion and the principles that explain them.
12.D.5a Analyze factors that influence the relative motion of an object (e.g., friction, wind shear, cross currents, potential differences).
12.E. Know and apply concepts that describe the features and processes of the Earth and its resources.
12.E.4a Explain how external and internal energy sources drive Earth processes (e.g., solar energy drives weather patterns; internal heat drives plate tectonics).
13.B. Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction between science, technology and society.
13.B.4c Analyze ways that resource management and technology can be used to accommodate population trends.
13.B.5e Assess how scientific and technological progress has affected other fields of study, careers and job markets and aspects of everyday life.
Objectives:
The students with partners will analyze construction drawings and or photographs of American windmills built in the 19th,20th, and 21st centuries. They will identify how the power provided from the windmills was used, the materials used in construction, and physical laws governing the function of windmills. They will use this information to build a working windmill using paper glue and a small quantity of hardware (nuts and bolts).
Resources:
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“Galus Paddock Farm, |
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“Gladden
Wind Turbine, |
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“Windmill at Water Mill, Montauk Hwy. & Halsey Ln., Water Mill, Suffolk County, NY” 1968. Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/hh:@field(DOCID+@lit(NY1142))] (03/2004) |
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“Heideman Windmill, Route 5, |
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“Livestock
on the James Gates ranch at Gates, |
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“Wainscott Windmill, |
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“New Style of Windmill.” [Manufacturer and builder / Volume 6, Issue 12, December 1874, Page(s) 276] The Nineteenth Century in Print: Periodicals [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABS1821-0006-684_bib))] (03/2004) |
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“An Improved Windmill Pump.” [Manufacturer and builder / Volume 12, Issue 7, July 1880, Page(s) 160-161] The Nineteenth Century in Print: Periodicals [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/ncpsbib:@field(DOCID+@lit(ABS1821-0012-460_bib))] (03/2004) |
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Gretz, Warren. “Darius-type wind turbine” [PIX number 00182] (03/2004) |
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Gretz, Warren. “Vestas V-47 turbines: 660 kW; 390 volt; 65 meter tower; 47 meter rotor diameter” PIX number 11169] (03/2004) |
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NMPP
Energy. “Water pumping windmill, water tanks, cattle, 2, 1.5MW wind
turbines in the background” [http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/searchpix.cgi?getrec=7014207&display_type=verbose] [PIX number 11062] (03/2004) |
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Green,
Jim. “Wind machine in rural Douglas County, CO” [http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/searchpix.cgi?getrec=4115155&display_type=verbose [PIX number 08077] (03/2004) |
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[http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/searchpix.cgi?getrec=6755057&display_type= [PIX number 03882] (03/2004) |
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Lee,
Russell. “Old-style wooden windmill in farmyard of Martin Myre's
farm near [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/fsaall:@field(NUMBER+@band(fsa+8c51098))] [fsa 8c51098] (03/2004) |
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Lee,
Russell. “Barn and windmill on farm. [http http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/fsaall:@field(NUMBER+@band(fsa+8c52611))] [fsa 8c52611] (03/2004) |
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Lee,
Russell. “Windmill and water tower from which running water is available
in home of Joseph La Blanc. Near |
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Lee,
Russell. “Windmill and milk-house of the Bosley
reorganization unit. |
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NEOS
Corporation. “Agricultural applications: livestock watering in [PIX number 03545] (03/2004) |
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Gretz, Warren. “Old windmill at [http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/searchpix.cgi?getrec=295005&display_type=verbose] [PIX number 00630] (03/2004) |
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Energy
Northwest. “Turbine installation at the Nine Canyon Wind Project; largest
wind farm to be built in [http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/searchpix.cgi?getrec=578868&display_type=verbose& [PIX number 12307] (03/2004) |
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NAVITAS Energy website. [http://www.windpower.com/index.cfm] (03/2004) |
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Danish wind industry association. [http://www.windpower.org/en/pictures/offshore.htm] |
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“Canon
Ranch Eclipse Windmill, |
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“Illustrated history of wind power development” [http://telosnet.com/wind/index.html] (03/2004) |
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“Wind Power and Windmills” [http://earthsci.org/energy/wind/wind.html#Types%20of%20Windmills] (03/2004) |
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“Danish Wind Industry Association” [http://www.windpower.org/en/core.htm] (03/2004) |
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Danish Wind Industry Association. “Out of the Blue” 2003. [http://www.windpower.org/en/core.htm] (03/2004) |
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Methods:
Day 1
- Anticipatory Set: Students will view video “Out of the Blue”
a 28 minute Quick Time video introducing wind energy.
Produced by the Danish Wind Industry Association.
- A class discussion of the historical uses and development of wind
power supplemented by PowerPoint Slides.
- Homework: Students will logon to a local website containing links
to historical drawings, photographs and other documents from the Library
of Congress and other sources and study their content.
Day 2
- Students will logon to the site “An Illustrated History of Wind Power Development” click on and read the content areas Early History through 1875 and 20th Century Developments. Students will also visit the Danish Wind Industry Association website and take the “Guided Tour.”
- Homework: Students should read instructions for building a paper wind turbine and be prepared to begin this project the following day.
Day 3-4
- Students will build a paper wind turbine capable of lifting a 500g mass using the power of a household box fan.
Evaluation:
Students will construct a wind turbine capable of lifting a 500g mass powered from the wind generated by a household box fan. Students will successfully complete a quiz designed to determine their knowledge of the development of wind power technology over the past 200 years and the uses for wind power past present and future.
Keywords for this lesson:
Windmill, wind power, physics, physical science